The natech events during the August 17, 1999 Kocaeli Earthquake: aftermath and lessons learned

Natural hazard triggered technological accidents (natechs) at industrial facilities have been recognized as an emerging risk. Adequate preparedness, proper emergency planning, and effective response are crucial for the prevention of natechs and mitigation of the consequences. Under the conditions of a natural disaster, the limited resources, the possible unavailability of mitigation measures, and the lack of adequate communication, complicate the management of natechs. The analysis of past natechs is crucial for learning lessons and for preventing or preparing for future natechs. The August 17, 1999, Kocaeli Earthquake, which was a devastating disaster hitting one of the most industrialized regions of Turkey, offers opportunities in this respect. Among many natechs that occurred due to the earthquake, the massive fire at the TUPRAS Izmit Refinery and the acrylonitrile spill at the AKSA acrylic fiber production plant were especially important
and highlight problems in the consideration of natechs in emergency planning, response to industrial emergencies during natural hazards, and information to the public during and following the incidents. The analysis of these events shows that even the largest and seemingly prepared facilities can be vulnerable to natechs, if risks were not considered adequately.

2011-05-16

COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH

JRC63502

1561-8633