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Title: | Assessment of the legislated particle number measurement procedure for a Euro 5 and a Euro 6 compliant diesel passenger cars under regulated and unregulated conditions |
Authors: | MAMAKOS ATHANASIOS; MARTINI Giorgio; MANFREDI Urbano |
Citation: | JOURNAL OF AEROSOL SCIENCE vol. 55 p. 31-47 |
Publisher: | ELSEVIER SCI LTD |
Publication Year: | 2013 |
JRC N°: | JRC71197 |
ISSN: | 0021-8502 |
URI: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0021850212001371 http://publications.jrc.ec.europa.eu/repository/handle/JRC71197 |
DOI: | 10.1016/j.jaerosci.2012.07.012 |
Type: | Articles in periodicals and books |
Abstract: | We investigated the possibility of extending the legislated particle number (PN) Measurement procedure to (a) control diesel exhaust emissions under unregulated Driving conditions, including tests at -7°C and during regeneration of the particulate filter, and (b) reduce the lowest detectable size below 23 nm, through dedicated tests of a Euro5b and a Euro6 diesel vehicles. The PN emissions of the two vehicles were at or below the limit of 6x1011 #/km under all non-regenerative conditions examined. Active regeneration of the Diesel Particulate Filters (DPFs) occurred more frequently (220–510km) than previously reported, and resulted in elevated PM (upto11mg/km) and PN(1–4x1012 #/km) emissions. Condensation Particle Counters (CPCs) having a nominal 50% detection efficiency (10nm and 4.5nm) below the legislated 23nm, detected 50–60% more non-volatile particles over the certification test cycle (New European Driving Cycle). Even higher excess fractions of nano-sized non-volatile particles (160–500%) were observed under urban driving of the Euro5b vehicle at -7°C, with the absolute levels still remaining below 6x1011 #/km however. DPF regeneration and motor way driving favoured the homogeneous nucleation of volatile particles in the Constant Volume Sampler(CVS), which also contributed to the signals of low cut-off size CPCs sampling downstream of the Volatile Particle Remover (VPR). No evidence of such volatile interference could be observed in the legislated PN procedure. A potential shift of the lowest detectable size towards smaller sizes, will require further developments in the measurement procedure. |
JRC Directorate: | Energy, Transport and Climate |
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