@article{JRC118953,
	number = {KJ-NA-30072-EN-N (online)},
	address = {Luxembourg (Luxembourg)},
	issn = {1831-9424 (online)},
	year = {2020},
	author = {Nepelski D and Sobolewski M},
	isbn = {978-92-76-10233-5 (online)},
	publisher = {Publications Office of the European Union},
	abstract = {In spite of a large interest in General Purpose Technologies, it is unclear how much economies invest in their development and diffusion. For example, various sources provide various figures of investments in Artificial Intelligence (AI). This constantly blurs the understanding of the AI-driven revolution among policy makers and business leaders and constraints informed decision making. The current report presents an original and comprehensive methodology to estimate AI investments. It rests on three assumptions: First, it considers AI as a general-purpose technology (GPT). Second, it includes not only investments in the core AI technology, but in complementary assets and capabilities necessary for its adoption. Finally, the methodology recognises different roles that the public and private sectors play in the process of AI creation and implementation. Using this approach, AI investments in Europe are estimated.
		},
	title = {Estimating investments in General Purpose Technologies: The case of AI Investments in Europe},
	url = {},
	doi = {10.2760/506947 (online)}
}