@article{JRC124446,
	number = {KJ-NA-30685-EN-N (online),KJ-NA-30685-EN-C (print)},
	address = {Luxembourg (Luxembourg)},
	issn = {1831-9424 (online),1018-5593 (print)},
	year = {2021},
	author = {De Laurentiis V and Patinha Caldeira C and Biganzoli F and Sala S},
	isbn = {978-92-76-37275-2 (online),978-92-76-37828-0 (print)},
	publisher = {Publications Office of the European Union},
	abstract = {The Waste Framework Directive (2008/98/EC) establishes an annual reporting obligation for MS on food waste generation as of reference year 2020. The common methodology is defined in the Commission delegated decision (EU) 2019/1597 and the reporting format in the Commission implementing decision (EU) 2019/2000. Member States (MS) will be obliged to report data on food waste quantification for the reference year 2020 by the 30 of June 2022. However, EU countries are at different levels of development and implementation of national strategies for food waste quantification. Hence, there is the need to develop a harmonized modelling system that enables the estimation of food waste generated by MSs and to assess the amounts reported by each country. This report presents a model (version 1.0) that intends to fill in this gap. The model quantifies food waste at each stage of the food supply chain: primary production, processing and manufacturing, retail and distribution, food services, and household consumption. The food groups for which food waste is accounted for are sugar beet, cereals, fruit, vegetables, potatoes, oilseeds, meat, fish, eggs, and dairy. Beyond estimating food waste generation, the model estimates: food losses (i.e. not harvested or ploughed in crops, and animal mortality during transport to slaughterhouse and rejected at slaughter), by-products (i.e. surplus food used as animal feed and for non-food uses), and food consumed, which is compared with the results of nutritional surveys to perform a plausibility check of the results of the model. Thanks to the model, food waste generated by each EU MS for the years 2000 to 2017 is estimated. Results per stage of the food supply chain are useful to identify hotpots across both stages of the food supply chain (FSC) and across food groups. For all the countries, the consumption stage was identified as the major contributor to the total amount of food waste generated. Regarding the food group contributing the most to the total amount, this varies from country to country and from stage to stage. In the development of the study, some limitations and areas of points of improvement of the model have been identified. These include an update of country-specific coefficients (when data is available), improving the modelling of food waste and by-products generated at the processing stage by obtaining data from food processing industries (e.g. via manufacturing associations), and explore the possibility of using dynamic food waste coefficients to capture changes in food waste generation patterns as a result of behaviour changes.
		},
	title = {Building a balancing system for food waste accounting at national level},
	url = {},
	doi = {10.2760/316306 (online),10.2760/1669 (print)}
}