Expected effects of offshore wind farms on Mediterranean marine life
Current climate policy and issues of energy security mean wind farms are being built at an annual rate of 13.5% to meet energy demand. As wind farm development is very likely in the Mediterranean Sea, we provide an assessment of the offshore wind potential and identify expected biological effects of such developments in the region. For the first time we identify potential offshore wind farm “hotspots” in the Mediterranean. Using lessons learned in Northern Europe, and small-scale experiments in the Mediterranean, we identify sensitive species and habitats which will likely be influenced by offshore wind farms in both these hotspot areas and at a basin level. This information will be valuable to guide policy governing offshore wind farm development and will inform the industry as and when environmental impact assessments are required for the Mediterranean Sea.
BRAY Laura;
REIZOPOULOU Sofia;
VOUKOUVALAS Evangelos;
SOUKISSIAN Takvor;
ALOMAR Carme;
VÁZQUEZ-LUIS Maite;
SALUD Deudero;
ATTRILL Martin;
HALL-SPENCER Jason;
2016-12-02
Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
JRC100494
2077-1312,
http://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/4/1/18/htm,
https://publications.jrc.ec.europa.eu/repository/handle/JRC100494,
10.3390/jmse4010018,
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