Power-to-Hydrogen and Hydrogen-to-X pathways: opportunities for next generation energy systems

Energy systems are evolving rapidly around the world, driven mainly by CO2-e reduction targets. This has led to opportunities for integrated low carbon electricity-and-fuel systems founded on large scale 'Power-to-Hydrogen, Hydrogen-to-X' (PtH-HtX). Power-to-Hydrogen (PtH) refers to large scale electrolysis. Hydrogen-to-X (HtX) refers to a range of high value products and services. If these pathways start with low-carbon electricity, then the fuel consumed at the downstream end also low-carbon. Use of intermittently low valued power lowers all production costs. This paper specifically identifies the main pathways and interconnections in a way that overcomes the ambiguities inherent in the term 'Power-to-Gas'. In turn, this provides solid and easier to understand foundations for building legal and regulatory frameworks for new business opportunities along the lengths of the numerous pathways from supply to consumption. Basic guidelines for the preparation of a technical paper for an IEEE Power & Energy Society Conference are presented. This electronic document is a “live” template. The various components of your paper [title, text, headings, etc.] are already defined, as illustrated by the portions given in this document. The abstract is limited to 150 words and cannot contain equations, figures, tables, or references. It should concisely state what was done, how it was done, principal results, and their significance. Index Terms--The author shall provide up to 5 keywords (in alphabetical order) to help identify the major topics of the paper. The thesaurus of IEEE indexing keywords is posted at http://www.ieee.org/organizations/pubs/ani_prod/keywrd98.txt.

DICKINSON Robert;  LE DUIGOU Alain;  LUCCHESE Paul;  MANSILLA Christine;  OLFA Tlili;  SAMSATLI Sheila;  THOMAS Denis;  DOLCI Francesco;  WEIDNER RONNEFELD Eveline;  LYMPEROPOULOS Nikolaos;  SAMSATLI Nouri John;  WEEDA Marcel;  MANCARELLA Pierluigi; 

2020-07-14

IEEE Computer Society

JRC105759

2165-4077 (online),   

https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7981882,    https://www.scopus.com/record/display.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85027122100&origin=resultslist&sort=plf-f&src=s&sid=5721f80619711107a68b691d07de94a1&sot=autdocs&sdt=autdocs&sl=18&s=AU-ID%2814031472100%29&relpos=1&citeCnt=4&searchTerm=,    https://publications.jrc.ec.europa.eu/repository/handle/JRC105759,   

10.1109/EEM.2017.7981882 (online),