Production processes are nowadays increasingly global, implying interdependent structures linking goods, processes and countries. Traditional economic blocks and sectoral intra-country linkages coexist with increasing worldwide dependencies. Recent literature supports the hypothesis of a new globalization process taking place in the late 1990s and the 21st century, centred on the consolidation of increasingly competitive macro-regions at a global level, with a growing specialization of countries within them. We propose a multiregional input-output (MRIO) model of the European Union (EU) to analyse whether the generation of employment and income in Europe in recent decades can be defined as a process that is mainly regional or global (involving countries within the region versus countries outside Europe). Our results show that intra-EU trade is an important factor contributing to income and employment growth, more oriented to intermediate inputs, in the same way as extra-EU trade, despite the fact that some European countries are more specialized in final goods, mainly driven by high-income EU countries.
BOLEA Lucía;
DUARTE Rosa;
JARNE Gloria;
MARSCHINSKI Robert;
RUEDA CANTUCHE Jose;
SÁNCHEZ-CHÓLIZ Julio;
SARASA Cristina;
2020-01-28
UNIV HUELVA, SERV PUBLICACIONES
JRC109141
1576-0162 (online),
http://uhu.es/publicaciones/ojs/index.php/REM/article/view/3922,
https://publications.jrc.ec.europa.eu/repository/handle/JRC109141,
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