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Immuno-oncology
It is widely recognised that immuno-oncology has revolutionised cancer treatment, nevertheless there are major hurdles in addressing several key medical questions. Among these, there is a lack of preclinical animal models capable of mimicking patient conditions and predicting responses to such new therapies. Therefore, there is an ongoing need to develop more comprehensive, functional non-animal models. The JRC’s EU Reference Laboratory for alternatives to animal testing (EURL ECVAM) conducted a study to review the state-of-the-art of advanced non-animal models in use for immuno-oncology research. In this study around 130,000 peer-reviewed publications on immuno-oncology were initially retrieved and screened for representative papers describing innovative and promising advanced non-animal models.
2021-08-18
Publications Office of the European Union
JRC125256
978-92-76-39986-5 (online),    978-92-76-39987-2 (print),   
1831-9424 (online),    1018-5593 (print),   
EUR 30334/3 EN,    OP KJ-NG-30334-EN-N (online),    OP KJ-NG-30334-EN-C (print),   
https://publications.jrc.ec.europa.eu/repository/handle/JRC125256,   
10.2760/393670 (online),    10.2760/412567 (print),   
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