DNA accounting: tallying genomes to detect adulterated saffron

The EU General Food Law not only aims at ensuring food safety but also to ‘prevent fraudulent or deceptive practices; the adulteration of food; and any other practices which may mislead the consumer’. Especially the partial or complete, deliberate and intentional substitution of valuable ingredients (e.g. saffron) for less valuable ones is of concern. Due to the variety of products on the market, an approach to detect food adulteration that works well for one species may not be easily applicable to another. Here we present a broadly applicable approach for the detection of substitution of biological materials based on digital PCR. By simultaneously measuring and forecasting the number of genome copies in a sample, fraud is detectable as a discrepancy between these two values. Apart from the choice of target gene, the procedure is identical across all species. It is scalable, rapid, and has a high dynamic range. We provide proof of concept by presenting the analysis of 141 samples of saffron (Crocus sativus) from across the Europeanmarket by DNA accounting and the verification of these results by NGS analysis.

LIEVENS Antoon;  PARACCHINI Valentina;  PIETRETTI Danilo;  GARLANT Linda;  MAQUET Alain;  ULBERTH Franz; 

2021-11-11

MDPI

JRC126105

2304-8158 (online),   

https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/10/11/2670,    https://publications.jrc.ec.europa.eu/repository/handle/JRC126105,   

10.3390/foods10112670 (online),