This study investigates the evolution of global value chains (GVCs) and the strategic position of the EU27 in these GVCs and production networks. The analysis is based on input-output data from the FIGARO database that covers 2010-2019. An in-depth coverage is provided for four sectors (food, pharma, electronics, and vehicles) and three industrial ecosystems (energy intensive industries, mobility-transport-automotive, aerospace & defence). In terms of the main results, the overall share of foreign sourcing is quite stable over this period, and the length of GVCs remains roughly the same, so there is no sign of large-scale backshoring. The most important geographical shifts are the gains of China as a supplier in the value chains of EU27 and US. Europe’s strategic capacities, as measured by social network analysis indicators, are in mobility/automotive/transport, energy-intensive industries, and electronics and are towards the US and China. Strategic dependencies exist mainly towards China in electronics and energy-intensive industries. The analysis clearly shows the mutually dependent character of these relationships between the US, China, and the EU27.
DACHS Bernhard;
NEULÄNDTNER Martina;
STEHRER Robert;
MARSCHINSKI Robert;
2022-10-19
Publications Office of the European Union
JRC130873
978-92-76-57682-2 (online),
OP KJ-04-22-105-EN-N (online),
https://publications.jrc.ec.europa.eu/repository/handle/JRC130873,
10.2760/4901 (online),
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