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Relative Velocity Estimation in a Cluster of CubeSats by Differential GNSS

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The paper compares two Kalman Filters (KFs) to complement Real-Time Kinematic (RTK) method with a relative velocity estimate in the framework of CubeSat formation flying in Low Earth Orbit (LEO). One KF is a standard constant velocity implementation, whereas the second KF include relative dynamics through Hill’s model. Both filters are intended to support GNSS-based closed loop real-time on-board orbit control of relative separations in a cluster of CubeSats implementing the concept of Distributed Synthetic Aperture Radar (DSAR).
2025-09-26
IEEE
JRC142883
https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/11114559,    https://publications.jrc.ec.europa.eu/repository/handle/JRC142883,   
10.1109/MetroAeroSpace64938.2025.11114559 (online),   
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