European Market Surveillance of Pollutant Emissions from Light- and Heavy-Duty Vehicles
Results of the 2024 JRC market surveillance activities for vehicle pollutant emissions
This report presents the results of the work conducted by the Joint Research Centre (JRC) as the European Commission contribution to market surveillance on pollutant emissions of Light- and Heavy-duty Vehicles in 2024. It encompasses experimental data and compliance assessments relative to the measurement of pollutant emissions from internal combustion engine vehicles available on the European market. In 2024, twenty-five Light- (LDVs) and two Heavy-duty Vehicles (HDVs) were tested.
The LDVs were tested on standard laboratory Type 1 (Worldwide harmonized Light-duty Testing Procedure; WLTP), on-road Type 1a (Real Driving Emissions; RDE), Type 4 evaporative emission, Type 5 durability, and Type 6 low-temperature tests. No non-compliances were detected for Type 1, 1a, and 4, while a low risk of non-compliance was found for Type 6 testing. One gasoline Off-Vehicle Charging Hybrid Electric Vehicle (OVC-HEV) showed a high risk of non-compliance to Type 5 durability tests.
Higher emissions were found under non-regulated testing conditions (e.g. at low or high temperatures or under dynamic driving conditions) for some gasoline vehicles (for CO), likely linked to fuel enrichment, and three diesel and one gasoline vehicle (for NOx). These high emissions were attributed to Auxiliary Emissions Strategies (AES) that were not in all cases declared by the manufacturers and approved by the relevant national Authorities.
For HDVs, one N3 category Euro VId diesel truck and one N2 category Euro VIe CNG delivery rigid truck were tested. Both vehicles were tested on the road and in laboratory conditions under regulatory and non-regulatory conditions to assess compliance with the Euro VI emissions standard and to evaluate the potential presence of AES and defeat devices. Emissions of regulated pollutants of both vehicles were below the applicable limits on the regulatory In-Service Conformity (ISC) tests performed on-road with Portable Emission Measurement System (PEMS).
VALVERDE MORALES Victor;
LOOS Robert;
MANARA Dario;
CLAIROTTE Michael;
GRUENING Carsten;
FRANZETTI Jacopo;
FERRARESE Christian;
SUAREZ BERTOA Ricardo;
GIORIA Roberto;
TUTUIANU Monica;
CROCHEMORE Jean Michel;
STEFANINI Marcello;
FINOCCHIARO Lorenzo;
MACRI Paolo;
OTURA Marcos;
COTOGNO Giulio;
BONNEL Pierre;
KRASENBRINK Alois;
MARTINI Giorgio;
2025-11-21
Publications Office of the European Union
JRC143836
978-92-68-33735-6 (online),
1831-9424 (online),
EUR 40531,
OP KJ-01-25-568-EN-N (online),
https://publications.jrc.ec.europa.eu/repository/handle/JRC143836,
10.2760/7332498 (online),
Additional supporting files
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