This report is an output of the Clean Energy Technology Observatory (CETO).
The development of fuel cells for heavy-duty applications has made significant progress, driven by advancements in Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) technology. However, a geographic imbalance exists, with Asia dominating deployment and manufacturing, while Europe demonstrates strong technological capabilities but limited commercial scale. European manufacturers are likely to face intense competition from Asian producers, potentially limiting their role in global deployment.
CETO is being implemented by the Joint Research Centre for DG Research and Innovation, in coordination with DG Energy.
WEIDNER Eveline;
DOLCI Francesco;
GEORGAKAKI Aliki;
LETOUT Simon;
MOUNTRAKI Aikaterini;
INCE Ela;
SHTJEFNI Drilona;
WEGENER Moritz;
GEA BERMUDEZ Juan;
JAXA-ROZEN Marc;
SALVUCCI Raffaele;
NEUWAHL Frederik;
SIKORA Przemyslaw;
RÓZSAI Máté;
SCHMITZ Andreas;
SCHADE Burkhard;
KERAMIDAS Kimon;
FOSSE Florian;
DOWLING Paul;
RUSS Peter;
AYCART Javier;
2025-12-05
Publications Office of the European Union
JRC144322
978-92-68-34346-3 (online),
1831-9424 (online),
EUR 40547,
OP KJ-01-25-591-EN-N (online),
https://publications.jrc.ec.europa.eu/repository/handle/JRC144322,
10.2760/0458721 (online),
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