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Report on the outcome of the JRC Summer School 2025 on Non-Animal Approaches in Science

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Changing the Paradigm
The fifth edition of the JRC Summer School took place in May 2025 in Ispra, Italy. The aim of the Summer School is to share knowledge and experience on the latest non-animal approaches in science and to promote their use in biomedical research, regulatory applications, and drug discovery. This fifth edition focused on cutting-edge technologies such as induced pluripotent stem cells, organ-on-chip, imaging, omics technologies, computational modelling, and artificial intelligence. The current and future role of the Three Rs (Replacement, Reduction and Refinement of animal experiments) was scrutinised through discussions and debates. In addition, career paths in non-animal approaches in science were explored. The JRC Summer School is specifically tailored for post-graduate students and early-career scientists working in bioscience research and focusing on non-animal methods and technologies. This report describes the scope and the programme of the JRC Summer School and the feedback received from participants.
2025-11-28
Publications Office of the European Union
JRC144604
978-92-68-34355-5 (online),   
OP KJ-01-25-595-EN-N (online),   
https://publications.jrc.ec.europa.eu/repository/handle/JRC144604,   
10.2760/7836553 (online),   
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