This report on batteries addresses technology development, EU research and innovation activities, global and EU markets and market players and assesses the competitiveness of the EU battery sector and its positioning in the global battery market. Special attention is given to provide a broad overview of battery technologies. This report also contains an assessment of market developments, production, trade, patenting, and sustainability of Li-ion batteries. The report shows that the EU does not have a competitive advantage over its main competitors. To change the current situation and improve the competitiveness of battery production in the EU, the following key actions should be taken to address the key drivers of competitiveness: increase the currently limited internal supply of raw and processed materials, significantly reduce the cost of energy, labour, and investment, urgently develop skilled and experienced work force, simplify legislation reduce times to set up new production and secure demand for EU-produced batteries. The EU is also not leading anymore in battery research. Despite this, the EU makes an effort to build its battery sector and increase its ability to cover at least part of battery demand from internal sources. This applies mainly to the high-performance batteries for premium-class Electric Vehicles (EVs), while batteries for lower-classes EVs and stationary energy storage are falling short.
This report is an output of the Clean Energy Technologies Observatory (CETO) and provides an evidence-based analysis of the overall battery landscape to support the EU policy making process. It is part of the series of reports on clean energy technologies needed for the delivery of the European Green Deal, and it is a continuation and extension of earlier editions of the CETO report on batteries.
BIELEWSKI Marek;
PFRANG Andreas;
QUINTERO PULIDO Diego;
PETERS Jens;
BOBBA Silvia;
LECCISI Enrica;
MANCINI Lucia;
SCHADE Burkhard;
GEORGAKAKI Aliki;
LETOUT Simon;
MOUNTRAKI Aikaterini;
INCE Ela;
2026-04-17
Publications Office of the European Union
JRC145289
978-92-68-38735-1 (online),
1831-9424 (online),
EUR 40663,
OP KJ-01-26-131-EN-N (online),
https://publications.jrc.ec.europa.eu/repository/handle/JRC145289,
10.2760/2686206 (online),
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