Bestimmung des Ferntransports von Persistenten Organischen Spurenstoffen und der Umweltexposition Mittels Modelluntersuchungen
Many environmental pollutants
are slowly degrading (persistent) and very mobile. They are
semivolatile, i.e. they are partitioned between the environmental
media of soil, water and air, and undergo long-range transport.
The combined action of climate and substance properties
determines the distributions and fate of these substances, among
them as the persistent organic pollutants (POPs), other pesticides
and industrial chemicals.
Main Features. Multicompartment chemistry-transport models
are under development in order to study environmental exposure
on large spatial scales. These build on atmospheric and
oceanic models.
Results. The investigation of transport and fate of some POPs
on the global scale has emphasized the significance of historically
explicit and geo-referenced simulations for substance distributions,
persistence and long-range transport potential. Apart
from the substance properties, it is the regional climate which is
most important. This was illustrated by studies into the regional
cycling of DDT and γ-HCH in selected tropical and extra-tropical
regions.
Discussion. The isolation of individual steps of subsequent cycles
of emission, transport and deposition (a so-called grasshopper
effect) in model experiments shows the potential to elucidate
the complex superposition of substance properties and environmental
conditions, variable in time and space.
Conclusions: The results suggest that the grasshopper effect enhances
the long-range transport potential, but is not required to
explain an accumulation in polar regions (at least for γ-HCH).
Perspectives: A number of relevant scientific questions should
be addressed by exposure modelling.
LAMMEL Gerhard;
SEMEENA V.S.;
GUGLIELMO Francesca;
ILYINA Tatjana;
LEIP Adrian;
2007-02-27
Ecomed Verlag
JRC36136
https://publications.jrc.ec.europa.eu/repository/handle/JRC36136,
10.1065/uwsf2006.09.136,
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