Farmers adopting genetically-modified (GM), insect-resistant corn (Bt corn) in Spain constitute the first example of a commercial GM crop being cultivated in the European Union (EU). During 2002-2004, yield effects of Bt corn in three provinces of Spain ranged from neutral to significantly positive. Adopters of Bt corn had lower pesticide use and their economic gross margin increased compared to non-adopters. Agronomic and economic efficiency gains are attributed to the adoption of Bt corn varieties since adopters and non-adopters did not differ in other socio-economic characteristics.
GOMEZ BARBERO Manuel;
BERBEL VECINO Julio;
RODRIGUEZ CEREZO Emilio;
2008-04-18
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
JRC41464
1087-0156,
http://www.nature.com/naturebiotechnology,
https://publications.jrc.ec.europa.eu/repository/handle/JRC41464,
10.1038/nbt0408-384,
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