Post-Disaster Reconstruction Projects to Mitigate the Seismic Risk Associated to Non-Engineered Buildings in Latin America

Abstract

The present paper presents a summary of the Scientific and Technical assistance provided by the Joint Research Centre (JRC) of the European Commission (EC) to improve the quality and effectiveness of housing reconstruction projects based on the experience of the collaboration between the JRC and the Europe-Aid Cooperation Office (AIDCO). A review of the seismic risk associated to non-engineered buildings is first presented, describing the present situation concerning earthquake disasters in relation to the seismic hazard and the vulnerability of non-engineered traditional and contemporary building structures in Latin America. The housing and post-disaster reconstruction policies adopted for reconstruction projects are examined in relation to the actors and institutions involved, with particular attention to self-help housing projects. The paper concludes by presenting the issues that are crucial for achieving a good quality of reconstruction/rehabilitation co-operation projects in relation to the assessment of the performance/vulnerability of new/existing buildings and to the assignment of responsibilities in the design and construction phases considering all actors involved. Particular attention is given to the performance of existing structures in relation to the requirements of construction standards considering the seismic hazard level and the service life of the structure.