Methodology to estimate the energy flows of the European Union heating and cooling market

Over 40% of the total energy consumed in Europe is used for the generation of heat for either domestic or industrial purposes. Meanwhile, the demand for cooling is steadily increasing in all European Member State. In this context, it is essential to identify the heating and cooling demand in the economic sectors. The objective of this study is to propose a methodology to estimate the European heating and cooling demand by country, fuel, economical subsector and activity based on official statistics and reports from customer and resource origin. Most of heat useful energy comes from the direct burn of a fuel principally natural gas. The contribution of the electricity is relatively moderate for the residential and service sectors but low industrial sector. Most part of the cooling demand is generated by electrical cooling machines which extract free environmental energy extracting allowing compensate part of the losses from the electricity production. District heating has a moderate contribution but district cooling is negligible.

PARDO GARCIA Nicolas;  VATOPOULOS Konstaninos;  KROOK RIEKKOLA Anna;  PEREZ LOPEZ Alicia; 

2013-04-11

PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD

JRC73437

0360-5442,   

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360544213000935,    https://publications.jrc.ec.europa.eu/repository/handle/JRC73437,   

10.1016/j.energy.2013.01.062,