European agricultural landscapes, common agricultural policy and ecosystem services: a review
Abstract Since the 1950s, intensification and scale enlargement
of agriculture have changed agricultural landscapes across
Europe. The intensification and scale enlargement of farming
was initially driven by the large-scale application of synthetic
fertilizers, mechanization and subsidies of the European
Common Agricultural Policy (CAP). Then, after the 1990s, a
further intensification and scale enlargement, and land abandonment
in less favored areas was caused by globalization of
commodity markets and CAP reforms. The landscape changes
during the past six decades have changed the flows and values
of ecosystem services. Here, we have reviewed the literature on
agricultural policies and management, landscape structure and
composition, and the contribution of ecosystem services to
regional competitiveness. The objective was to define an analytical
framework to determine and assess ecosystem services at
the landscape scale. In contrast to natural ecosystems, ecosystem
service flows and values in agricultural landscapes are
often a result of interactions between agricultural management
and ecological structures. We describe how land management
by farmers and other land managers relates to landscape structure
and composition. We also examine the influence of commodity
markets and policies on the behavior of land managers.
Additionally, we studied the influence of consumer demand on
flows and values of the ecosystem services that originate from
the agricultural landscape.
VAN ZANTEN Boris;
VERBURG Peter;
ESPINOSA GODED Maria;
GOMEZ Y PALOMA Sergio;
GALIMBERTI Giuliano;
KANTELHARDT Jochen;
KAPFER Martin;
LEFEBVRE Marianne;
MANRIQUE Rosa;
PIORR Annette;
RAGGI Meri;
SCHALLER Lena;
TARGETTI Stefano;
ZASSADA Ingo;
VIAGGI Davide;
2014-01-23
SPRINGER FRANCE
JRC85444
1774-0746,
http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs13593-013-0183-4#,
https://publications.jrc.ec.europa.eu/repository/handle/JRC85444,
10.1007/s13593-013-0183-4,
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