Microscopy-based high-throughput assays enable multi-parametric analysis to assess adverse effects of nanomaterials in various cell lines

Manufactured nanomaterials (MNMs) selected from a library of over 120 different MNMs with varied compositions, sizes, and surface coatings were tested by four different laboratories for toxicity by high-throughput/-content (HT/C) techniques. The selected particles comprise 14 MNMs composed of CeO2, Ag, TiO2, ZnO and SiO2 with different coatings and surface characteristics at varying concentrations. The MNMs were tested in different mammalian cell lines at concentrations between 0.5 and 250 µg/mL to link physical-chemical properties to multiple adverse effects. The cell lines are derived from relevant organs such as liver, lung, colon and the immune system. Endpoints such as viable cell count, cell membrane permeability, apoptotic cell death, mitochondrial membrane potential, lysosomal acidification and steatosis have been studied. Soluble MNMs, Ag and ZnO, were the most toxic in all cell types. TiO2 and SiO2 MNMs also triggered toxicity in some, but not all, cell types and the cell-type specific effects were influenced by the specific coating. CeO2 MNMs were nearly ineffective in our test systems. Differentiated liver cells appear to be most sensitive to MNMs, in particular to TiO2 MNMs. Whereas most of the investigated MNMs showed no acute toxicity, it became clear that some show adverse effects dependent on the assay and cell line. Hence, it is advised that future nanosafety studies utilise a multi-parametric approach such as HT/C screening to avoid missing signs of toxicity. Furthermore, some of the cell type specific effects should be followed up in more detail and might also provide an incentive to address potential adverse effects in vivo in the relevant organ.

HANSJOSTEN Iris;  RAPP Juliane;  REINER Luisa;  VATTER Ruben;  FRITSCH-DECKER Susanne;  PERAVALI Ravindra;  PALOSAARI Taina;  JOOSSENS Elisabeth;  GERLOFF Kirsten Britta;  MACKO Peter;  WHELAN Maurice;  GILLILAND Douglas;  OJEA JIMENEZ Isaac;  MONOPOLI Marco;  ROCKS Louise;  GARRY David;  DAWSON Kenneth;  RÖTTGERMANN Peter J.F;  MURSCHHAUSER Alexandra;  RÄDLER Joachim O.;  TANG Selina;  GOODEN Pete;  BELINGA-DESAUNAY Marie-France A.;  KHAN Abdullah O.;  BRIFFA Sophie;  GUGGENHEIM Emily;  PAPADIAMANTIS Anastasios;  LYNCH Iseult;  VALSAMI-JONES Eugenia;  DIABATÉ Silvia;  WEISS Carsten; 

2018-01-16

SPRINGER HEIDELBERG

JRC106663

0340-5761,   

https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs00204-017-2106-7,    https://publications.jrc.ec.europa.eu/repository/handle/JRC106663,   

10.1007/s00204-017-2106-7,