Clean Energy Technology Observatory: Direct Solar Fuels in the European Union – 2022 Status Report on Technology Development, Trends, Value Chains and Markets
This report is an output of the Clean Energy Technology Observatory (CETO). CETO’s objective is to provide an evidence-based analysis feeding the policy making process and hence increasing the effectiveness of R&I policies for clean energy technologies and solutions. It monitors EU research and innovation activities on clean energy technologies needed for the delivery of the European Green Deal; and assesses the competitiveness of the EU clean energy sector and its positioning in the global energy market. CETO is being implemented by the Joint Research Centre for DG Research and Innovation, in coordination with DG Energy.
This report looks at direct solar fuels and is one of an annual series of reports from the Clean Energy Technology Observatory that address technology maturity status, development and trends; value chain analysis and global market and EU positioning. Direct solar fuel technologies convert solar energy directly into chemical fuels for storing and transporting solar energy. Thermochemical processes are most advanced and 2022 saw demonstrations of pilot plants at the 50 kWt scale or larger in Germany and Spain. Photochemical and photobiological systems are still largely at the laboratory prototype stage. With increasing performance testing growing need for benchmarking protocols and technical performance and reliability standards.
TAYLOR Nigel;
JOANNY ORDONEZ Geraldine;
EULAERTS Olivier;
GRABOWSKA Marcelina;
2022-11-15
Publications Office of the European Union
JRC130836
978-92-76-57685-3 (online),
1831-9424 (online),
EUR 31253 EN,
OP KJ-NA-31-253-EN-N (online),
https://publications.jrc.ec.europa.eu/repository/handle/JRC130836,
10.2760/361656 (online),
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