Biosphere Atmosphere Exchange of Reactive Nitrogen and Greenhouse Gases at the Nitroeurope Core Flux Measurement Sites: Measurement Strategy and First Annual Data Sets

The NitroEurope project aims to improve understanding of the N cycle at the continental scale and quantify the major fluxes of reactive nitrogen by a combination of reactive N measurements and modelling activities. As part of the overall measurement strategy, a network of 13 flux ¿super sites¿ (Level 3) has been established, covering European forest, arable, grassland and wetland sites, with the objective of quantifying the N budget at a high spatial resolution and temporal frequency for 4.5 years, and to estimate greenhouse gas budgets (N2O, CH4 and CO2). These sites are supported by a network of low-cost flux measurements (Level 2, 9 sites) and a network to infer reactive nitrogen fluxes at 58 sites (Level 1), for comparison with carbon flux measurements. Measurements at the Level 3 sites include high resolution N2O, NO (also CH4, CO2) fluxes, wet and dry N deposition, leaching of N, C and N transformations in plant, litter and soil. Results for 2006-07 suggest that the grasslands are the largest source of N2O and forests the largest source of NO and sink of CH4; N deposition rates influence NO and N2O fluxes in non-agricultural ecosystems. The NO and N2O emission ratio is influenced by the soil type and precipitation. First annual budgets of reactive N entering and leaving the ecosystem and of net greenhouse gas exchange (NGE) are calculated for example sites, illustrating both positive and negative values dependent on climate, landuse and management. Further information is required on rates of denitrification to N2, biological N2 fixation to complete the N budgets for some sites.

SKIBA U.;  DREWER Y.;  TANG N.;  VAN DIJK C;  HELFTER C.;  NEMITZ E.;  SEUFERT Guenther;  ANDERSSON Michael;  MANCA Giovanni;  FAMULARI D;  CAPE J N;  JONES S K;  TWIGG M;  PIHLATIE M;  VESALA T.;  LARSEN K S;  CARTER M S;  AMBUS P;  IBROM A;  BEIER C;  HENSEN A;  FRUMAU A;  ERISMAN Jan Willem;  BRUGGEMANN N.;  GASCHE R;  BUTTERBACH-BAHL K;  NEFTEL A;  SPIRIG C;  HORVATH L;  FREIBAUER A;  CELLIER P.;  LAVILLE P.;  LOUBET B.;  MAGLIULO E;  BERTOLINI T;  LAURILA Sisko;  LAURILA Sisko;  AURELA M.;  LOHILA A.;  ZECHMEISTER-BOLTENSTERN S;  KITZLER B;  SCHAUFLER G;  SIEMENS J;  KINDLER R; 

2009-08-20

ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV

JRC49709

0167-8809,   

www.elsevier.com/locate/agee,    https://publications.jrc.ec.europa.eu/repository/handle/JRC49709,   

10.1016/j.agee.2009.05.018,